1. D
[1]
2. (a) Any two from:
1.
all transverse waves;
2. all travel at the speed of light;
3. can all travel in a vacuum; 2
2. all travel at the speed of light;
3. can all travel in a vacuum; 2
(b) ultraviolet - skin
cancer;
gamma - radiation/burns/cancer/destroys cells; 2
gamma - radiation/burns/cancer/destroys cells; 2
[4]
3. (a) ultrasound;
[Accept ultrasonic] 1
[Accept ultrasonic] 1
(b) v
= fl; [seen or implied]
l =
;
= 0.19 / 0.189 / 0.188 / 0.18 m; 3
l =
;= 0.19 / 0.189 / 0.188 / 0.18 m; 3
[4]
4. A
[1]
5. (a) (i) sunbeds/
security marking – detection of forged bank notes/
fluorescent lamps/treatment of skin complaints/ sterilisation of
water/hardening fillings;
IGNORE: uv lamps 1
fluorescent lamps/treatment of skin complaints/ sterilisation of
water/hardening fillings;
IGNORE: uv lamps 1
(ii) uv
higher frequency/visible lower frequency;
uv shorter wavelength/visible longer wavelength; 2
travel at the same speed; accept labelled diagram
uv shorter wavelength/visible longer wavelength; 2
travel at the same speed; accept labelled diagram
(b) (i) X-rays absorbed stopped/by bone;
pass through/flesh/(soft) tissue/muscle;
IGNORE arm/see through skin etc.
they affect a photographic film/darken photographic plate; 3
pass through/flesh/(soft) tissue/muscle;
IGNORE arm/see through skin etc.
they affect a photographic film/darken photographic plate; 3
(ii) kills/damages
cells/DNA/genes/chromosomes/cause cancer/mutations/
infertility; 1
ionisation;
IGNORE damages tissue;
infertility; 1
ionisation;
IGNORE damages tissue;
[7]
6. (a) (i) B
(no mark)
biggest/largest/highest amplitude/highest/tallest wave/biggest
displacement/ quantified from graph (using a comparison); 1
biggest/largest/highest amplitude/highest/tallest wave/biggest
displacement/ quantified from graph (using a comparison); 1
(ii) any two from
molecules of air vibrate (to and fro);
push together/at high pressure/compression/
then moves further apart/at lower pressure/rarefaction;
the vibrations are passed on;
(sound is a) longitudinal (wave); 2
moleculesºparticles
molecules of air vibrate (to and fro);
push together/at high pressure/compression/
then moves further apart/at lower pressure/rarefaction;
the vibrations are passed on;
(sound is a) longitudinal (wave); 2
moleculesºparticles
(b) Two
from:
body scan(ning);cleaning surgical instruments [ignore sterilising];
treating muscle strains/joints/ligaments;
treating cataracts;
breaking up kidney stones/gallstones;
dentistry; 2
body scan(ning);cleaning surgical instruments [ignore sterilising];
treating muscle strains/joints/ligaments;
treating cataracts;
breaking up kidney stones/gallstones;
dentistry; 2
(c) use
of v = f l
/ l = 
;
substitution
;
calculation 17mm/0.017 m; (answer must include unit) 3
;substitution
;calculation 17mm/0.017 m; (answer must include unit) 3
[8]
7. (a) the angle of incidence must be greater than
the critical angle; 1
(b) Any two from :
in an optical fibre light is repeatedly reflected/ can travel round corners;
in a vacuum light travels in straight lines
the speed of light in an optical fibre is slower than in a vacuum; 2
in an optical fibre light is repeatedly reflected/ can travel round corners;
in a vacuum light travels in straight lines
the speed of light in an optical fibre is slower than in a vacuum; 2
(c) Any
two from:
digital signal is stepped/ only on or off/ only certain values allowed
analogue signal is continuously variable ;
digital signals can carry more information 2
digital signal is stepped/ only on or off/ only certain values allowed
analogue signal is continuously variable ;
digital signals can carry more information 2
(d) wavelength
= speed ÷ frequency;
= 2.20 × 108 m/s – 3.85 × 1014 Hz;
= 5.71 × 10 –7 m 3
= 2.20 × 108 m/s – 3.85 × 1014 Hz;
= 5.71 × 10 –7 m 3
[8]
8. wavelength = speed / frequency;
= 3.00 × 108 m/s ÷ 1.2 × 109 Hz/3.00 × 108 ÷ 1.2 × 109;
= 0.25 m/2500 mm; 3
= 3.00 × 108 m/s ÷ 1.2 × 109 Hz/3.00 × 108 ÷ 1.2 × 109;
= 0.25 m/2500 mm; 3
[3]